How long html5

The result is the somewhat confusing set of guidelines listed here:. This is text that needs to stand out from its surroundings. This could include keywords, product names, and anything else that would be bold in print. Breaking news! HTML5 also shifts the rules of a few elements. Usually, these changes are minor details that only HTML wonks will notice, but occasionally they have deeper effects. It can still be used to cite some work for example, a story, article, or television show , like this:.

This restriction has turned out to be surprisingly controversial, because this usage was allowed before. In the previous example, that means the browser may render the word in one of the following ways:. Many linguists remain unconvinced that supercalifragilisticexpialidocious is indeed a word.

Many linguists remain unconvinced that supercalifragilistic expialidocious is indeed a word. Many linguists remain unconvinced that supercali fragilistic expialidocious is indeed a word. As far as browser compatibility is concerned, you can think of HTML5 features in three categories:.

Features that already work. It also includes features that can work on older browsers with very little extra work, like the semantic elements described in Chapter 2. Features that degrade gracefully. Supplying an error message is somewhat rude, and definitely not an example of degrading gracefully. This category also includes nonessential frills that older browsers can safely ignore, like some of the web form features like placeholder text and some of the formatting properties from CSS3 like rounded corners and drop shadows.

Features that require a JavaScript workaround. Creating JavaScript workarounds can be a lot of work, and if you decide a feature is essential and needs a workaround, you may simply decide to use that workaround for everybody, and save the HTML5 approach for the future.

If a good JavaScript workaround exists on the Web, this book will point it out. The people who have the final word on how much HTML5 you use are the browser vendors. Today, there are four or five major browsers not including mobile browsers designed for web-connected devices like smartphones and iPads.

A single web developer has no chance of testing each prospective feature on every browser—not to mention evaluating support in older versions that are still widely used. It details the HTML5 support found in every mainstream browser. Best of all, it lets you focus on exactly the features you need. You can search for a specific feature by typing its name into the Search box near the top of the page. Optionally, pick your other options using the other checkboxes. You can refine your tables by removing some details.

For example, you may not want to see compatibility information for mobile browsers or for browsers that are still in development and not officially released. Scroll down to see your results Figure Each feature table shows a grid of different browser versions. Browser adoption statistics fill in the last piece of the puzzle. They tell you what portion of your audience has a browser that supports the features you plan to use.

Once you get there, choose Browser Version in the Statistic list box under the chart. This chart lets you consider not just which browsers are being used, but which versions of each browser. This laggard is Internet Explorer. This is a great if you simply want to play around with some new, still-evolving HTML5 features. It requires Windows 7 or Windows Vista. Lastly, you can pick the chart type using the option buttons that are just to the right of the chart box.

Pick Bar to see a bar chart that shows a snapshot of the current situation. Pick Line to see a line chart that shows the trend in browser adoption over time. By default, line charts show the entire previous year Figure , but you can tweak the date range to focus on the time period that interests you.

For example, in Germany, Firefox is the top browser with 60 percent of web surfers, while in Belarus, Opera wins the day with a 49 percent share.

So if you want to design a website that works for your peeps, review the web statistics generated by your own pages. The typical pattern is this: Your page loads and a script runs to check whether a specific feature is available.

Instead, you need dozens of different tests to check for dozens of different features—and sometimes even to check if a specific part of a feature is supported, which gets ugly fast. Checking for support usually involves looking for a property on a programming object, or creating an object and trying to use it a certain way.

For example, your feature-testing code might fail on certain browsers for some obscure reason or another, or quickly become out of date.

Instead, consider using Modernizr www. In it, click the Development button to download the Modernizr JavaScript file. Typically, this file has a name like modernizr That way you can update the Modernizr script file in the future without needing to modify the script reference in the web pages that use it.

The full Modernizr script is a bit bulky. This takes you to a page where you can pick and choose the features you want to detect by clicking the appropriate checkboxes and then create your custom version by clicking the Generate button. Place the file in the same folder as your web page. Or, place it in a subfolder, and modify the path in the JavaScript reference see the next step accordingly.

Now, when your page loads, the Modernizr script runs. It tests for a couple of dozen new features, in mere milliseconds, and then creates a JavaScript object called Modernizr that contains the results. For the full list of features that Modernizr tests, and for the JavaScript code that you need to examine each one, refer to the documentation at www.

Write some script code that tests for the feature you want and then carries out the appropriate action. Figure shows the result. This example uses basic and time-honored JavaScript techniques—looking up an element by ID and changing its content.

If you find it a bit perplexing, you can brush up with the JavaScript review in Appendix B. Modernizr helps you spot the holes in browser support. Basically, polyfills are a hodgepodge collection of techniques for filling the gaps in HTML5 support on aging browsers. In HTML5, the ideal polyfill is one you can drop into a page without any extra work. It takes care of backward compatibility in a seamless, unobtrusive way, so you can work with pure HTML5 while someone else worries about the workarounds.

Some rely on other technologies that may be only partly supported. Other polyfills may have fewer features than the real HTML5 feature, or poorer performance. The biggest polyfill of them all is Google Chrome Frame, a browser plug-in for Internet Explorer versions 6, 7, 8, and 9. Instead, it only kicks in if the website creator has added some information to the page that explicitly allows it. Occasionally, this book will point you to a potential polyfill.

But be warned—polyfills differ greatly in quality, performance, and support. You must test it and check how well it works on various old browsers before you risk incorporating the corresponding feature into your website. Skip to main content. Start your free trial. Chapter 1. Introducing HTML5. XHTML 1. Pave the Cowpaths. Note Paving the cowpaths has an obvious benefit: It uses established techniques that already have some level of browser support. Be Practical. Figure This super-simple HTML5 document holds a single line of text.

Character Encoding. The Language. This makes structuring content more efficient and helps search engines crawl the website, meaning a well-structured HTML5 site has better chances of ranking highly in search results. HTML5 is fully backwards-compatible, meaning all your old code should work with the new features. Getting started is as simple as changing the doctype on the first line of each HTML page.

So who uses HTML5? Ever since its first public draft in , web developers and designers have been finding ways to innovate with HTML5. Since each of these languages was written in a common language XML , their content can easily be shared across applications. XHTML became an official standard in , and was updated in Strict rules are necessary for all XML languages, because without it, interoperability between applications would be impossible.

Currently , HTML5 is still a draft specification, and is not yet an official standard. However, it is already widely supported by browsers and other web-enabled devices, and is the way of the future.